when a fastener for a particular job, one important factor is the performance and durability required for the application. hardware come in a variety types, each with its own set of specifications and characteristics.
through this article, we will explore the different types of fasteners and provide an analysis of the stress calculations involved.
one of the most common systems for classifying components is the sae system. the sae system classifies fasteners based on their strength and ability to tolerate various types of stress.
the most common sae types include:
- grade 2: this is the most common type of component and is used for everyday applications. grade 2 components are made from low-carbon steel and have a minimum stretch durability of 30,000 kg per square inch (psi).
- grade 5: grade 5 components are made from medium-steel steel and have a minimum stretch durability of 120,000 psi. they are usually used for applications where a higher level of durability is required.
- grade 8: grade 8 fasteners are made from high-steel steel and have a minimum tensile strength of 160,000 psi. they are used for applications where a very high level of strength is required.
- 18-8: винт din 912 цена this is a type of corrosion-resistant steel component that is usually used in applications where rust resistance is necessary.
another important aspect to consider when selecting a fastener is the type of loading it will be subjected to. there are several types of loading that components can be exposed to, including:
- tensile loading: this occurs when a force is applied to along the middle of the fastener, stretching it away. tensile loading is typically the most severe type of loading to consider, as it can lead to fastener failure.
- shear stress: this occurs when a stress is applied at right angles to the middle of the fastener, trying to bend or split it. shear loading is typically less critical than tensile loading, but can still lead to fastener failure in certain situations.
to calculate the stress experienced by a component, we can use the following formula:
stress = stress / size
where force is the magnitude of the stress applied to the component, and size is the cross-sectional area of the component.
for example, let's say we are using a grade 5 fastener that has a diameter of 1/4 inch and is being exposed to a tensile stress of 10,000 kg. the cross-sectional size of the fastener can be calculated as follows:
area = pi * (diameter/2)^2
= 3.14159 * (0.25/2)^2
= 0.0491 red inches
the stress felt by the fastener can then be calculated as follows:
stress = stress / size
= 10,000 kg / 0.0491 square inches
= 203,830 psi
this means that the fastener is experiencing a loading of approximately 203,830 psi, which is well within its safe working boundary of 120,000 psi. therefore, the component can be safely used for this application.
through conclusion, choosing the correct component for a specific task requires thorough consideration of the job's requirements, including the strength and performance required. by understanding the different types of fasteners and performing loading formulas, engineers and builders can ensure that their components are properly designed and installed, reducing the risk of failure and ensuring the long-lasting performance of their projects.
through this article, we will explore the different types of fasteners and provide an analysis of the stress calculations involved.
one of the most common systems for classifying components is the sae system. the sae system classifies fasteners based on their strength and ability to tolerate various types of stress.
the most common sae types include:
- grade 2: this is the most common type of component and is used for everyday applications. grade 2 components are made from low-carbon steel and have a minimum stretch durability of 30,000 kg per square inch (psi).
- grade 5: grade 5 components are made from medium-steel steel and have a minimum stretch durability of 120,000 psi. they are usually used for applications where a higher level of durability is required.
- grade 8: grade 8 fasteners are made from high-steel steel and have a minimum tensile strength of 160,000 psi. they are used for applications where a very high level of strength is required.
- 18-8: винт din 912 цена this is a type of corrosion-resistant steel component that is usually used in applications where rust resistance is necessary.
another important aspect to consider when selecting a fastener is the type of loading it will be subjected to. there are several types of loading that components can be exposed to, including:
- tensile loading: this occurs when a force is applied to along the middle of the fastener, stretching it away. tensile loading is typically the most severe type of loading to consider, as it can lead to fastener failure.
- shear stress: this occurs when a stress is applied at right angles to the middle of the fastener, trying to bend or split it. shear loading is typically less critical than tensile loading, but can still lead to fastener failure in certain situations.
to calculate the stress experienced by a component, we can use the following formula:stress = stress / size
where force is the magnitude of the stress applied to the component, and size is the cross-sectional area of the component.
for example, let's say we are using a grade 5 fastener that has a diameter of 1/4 inch and is being exposed to a tensile stress of 10,000 kg. the cross-sectional size of the fastener can be calculated as follows:
area = pi * (diameter/2)^2
= 3.14159 * (0.25/2)^2
= 0.0491 red inches
the stress felt by the fastener can then be calculated as follows:
stress = stress / size
= 10,000 kg / 0.0491 square inches
= 203,830 psi
this means that the fastener is experiencing a loading of approximately 203,830 psi, which is well within its safe working boundary of 120,000 psi. therefore, the component can be safely used for this application.
through conclusion, choosing the correct component for a specific task requires thorough consideration of the job's requirements, including the strength and performance required. by understanding the different types of fasteners and performing loading formulas, engineers and builders can ensure that their components are properly designed and installed, reducing the risk of failure and ensuring the long-lasting performance of their projects.